Here Are 15 Freedom Towns That Kept Black People Alive After Slavery

“View from the top of Castillo de San Marcos, St. Augustine, Florida”

“View from the top of Castillo de San Marcos, St. Augustine, Florida”
Photo: roc8jas (Getty Images)

Fort Mose, Fla. was actually the first “Black town” in the United States. It was formed by Francisco Menendez, a Black military commander in the Spanish army in 1738. He was previously enslaved in South Carolina but escaped and became the leader of a free Black town of “fugitive slaves” in Florida.